They made a powerful start against Japan's Fujii Mizuki and Kakiiwa Reika, who ended silver medallists.
But they still needed four match points to complete a 21-10 25-23 victory at Wembley Arena.
Russia's Valeria Sorokina and Nina Visolova claimed the bronze medal after beating Canadians Alex Bruce and Michele Li.
They eased to a 21-9 21-10 win in the third-place play-off at Wembley Arena.
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